Thermal structure and energy of the Hakone volcano,Japan     

Jun Iriyama  Yasue Ōki 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1978,117(1-2):331-337

The thermal energy balance and the temperature profile of the Hakone volcano are considered quantitatively. Across the Hakone volcano and its surroundings the heat flow values vary from 10^–1 to 10³ mW/m², due to thermal conduction and mass flow involving volcanic steam and hot spring discharge. An area with extremely low heat flow is observed in the western side of the caldera showing the presence of percolating meteoric water. The hydrothermal activity is intense in the eastern half of the caldera.The total heat discharge from the high temperature zone (discharge area) of the Hakone volcano amounts to 11.0×10⁷ W. The magmatic steam energy discharge is 95.0×10⁶ W. The thermal energy by redistribution of the terrestrial heat flow by the lateral deep ground water flow is calculated to be 9.00×10⁶ W. For the model having the vertical vent in the volcano's central part up to 1 km depth below the ground surface from a magma reservoir the computed temperature distribution is consistent with the observed values. The depth of the magma reservoir is 7 km below the ground surface and the diameter is 5 km.  相似文献   

辽河油田注蒸汽泡沫封堵实验研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

尚根华  才显春 《CT理论与应用研究》1996,5(3):29-36

利用核磁共振成象技术，采用质子密度的２ＤＦＴ的自旋回波成像方法，针对辽河油田的实际情况，采用注泡沫剂封堵地层的方法进行了研究。辽河油田三类发泡剂的ＳｕｎＴｅｃｈⅣ表面活性剂的发泡体积在高温下减小缓慢，具有良好的热稳定性，表明发泡剂形成的泡沫膜的强度和韧性较好，满足充当高温发泡剂的必要条件。  相似文献   

Li—F花岗岩液态分离的同位素地球化学标志   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

王联魁  黄智龙等 《地质与勘探》2002,38(5):38-43

Li-F花岗岩液态分离包括不混溶为主和气液分馏为主两种液态分离作用。Li-F花岗岩不混溶为主液态分离的同位素标志是：在复式Li-F花岗岩体中，随由早至晚阶段Li-F花岗岩侵入变化，岩石中δ^18O、ISr有先降低后突然升高的变化趋势；在典型Li-F花岗岩体中，由下部岩相成分相当翁岗岩（纳长花岗岩）向上至顶部岩相成分相当香花岭岩（云英岩、似伟晶岩）的全岩和石英δ^18O突然升高。Li-F花岗岩气液分馏为主液态分离的同位素标志是：典型Li-F花岗岩体的中、深部岩相向上至浅部岩相，岩石有δ^18O降低和δD升高的变化趋势。  相似文献   

莲花油层中粘土矿物分布规律研究   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

唐洪明  曾凡刚  陈忠  赵敬松  沈明道  唐清山  柴利文  魏桂萍 《沉积学报》2001,19(2):232-238

辽河高升油田莲花油层富含稠油,搞清储层中粘土矿物的类型、含量、平面和纵向分布规律对整个稠油油藏开发方案的设计、油层保护、提高采收率等开发措施实施和稠油油藏形成条件等研究都具有极其重要的意义。本文利用X-衍射、电镜、热反应实验对高升油田莲花油层中的粘土矿物进行了系统研究。研究表明,莲花油层中的粘土矿物以蒙脱石为主,粘土矿物类型、含量分布主要受岩石类型和沉积相控制,含油饱和度大小对粘土矿物类型影响不大。蒸汽驱采油会导致储层中蒙脱石的含量减少,增加储层的微观非均质性.  相似文献   

Effect of Uncertainties in Measured Variables on the Calculated Mass Balance of storglaciären     

Peter Jansson 《Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography》1999,81(4):633-642

Detailed mass balance measurements have been carried out on Storglaciären since 1945, adhering to a fixed system of measurements since the 1960s. Using a geographical information system approach, the effect of parameters such as density conversion model, systematic snow probing error and ablation gradient calculation on the mass balance of the glacier can be investigated. It is evident that the measure of total mass balance of Storglaciären is not sensitive to variations in these parameters. This means that reasonable estimates of the mass balance of a glacier can be made with very little information, given that measurements are distributed over the glacier surface. However, the uncertainty that may result from varying the parameters is c . 0.1 m water equivalent. Hence, reporting mass balance to centimetre or even millimetre resolution is questionable. When considering mass balance measurements as input for flow models, for example, i.e. requiring a distributed balance, the detail necessary in the measurements becomes significantly greater. At this level careful attention must be made to all parameters entering the mass balance calculation. From this it seems evident that any measurements at intermediate complexity do not increase the accuracy of the mass balance in relation to the extra work required and that the choice of method determines the scientific problems to which the data is applicable.  相似文献   

Carius管直接蒸馏快速分离锇方法的改进   总被引：9，自引：6，他引：3  

周利敏  高炳宇  王礼兵  李超  屈文俊  侯增谦  杜安道 《岩矿测试》2012,31(3):413-418

蒸馏法是Re-Os同位素测量体系从基质中分离Os的一种快捷方法,但装置繁琐,清洗工作量大,已成为限制其应用的瓶颈。文章对Carius管传统蒸馏装置进行了改进,利用橡胶滴头代替硅胶管和玻璃堵头自制Carius管直接蒸馏接口装置,简化了气体进出口管路,使用电蒸笼代替电热套,对蒸馏时间、样品溶液稀释倍数和吸收液体积等蒸馏条件进行了优化。改进后的装置升温速度、稳定性和简便性得到提高,简化了实验器皿,有利于降低空白,实现在较小操作空间内大批量样品的同时处理。Carius管直接蒸馏实验结果表明,Os的回收率可达86.7%～95.2%。在长时间(2 h)蒸馏条件下,Os回收率比传统蒸馏瓶法高约41%。针对不同样品类型和测试仪器,可选择相应的蒸馏条件,有效压缩了样品处理时间,提高了测量计数。对Re-Os定年标准物质GBW 04436(JDC)测定5次的模式年龄为(139.5±1.9)Ma～(142.0±2.1)Ma,标准物质GBW 04435(HLP)测定2次的模式年龄为(220±3.3)Ma～(223.0±3.2)Ma,分别与标准值(139.6±3.8)Ma和(221.4±5.6)Ma在不确定度范围内一致。改进后的Carius管直接蒸馏装置已应用于日常样品处理。  相似文献   

An Air‐Cooled,High‐Yield,Compact and Inexpensive Teflon Still for High‐Purity Reagents     

Kunchithapadam Gopalan 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2012,36(4):399-405

Mattinson’s (1972) well‐known simple design of a sub‐boiling still for the preparation of ultra high‐purity reagents consists of two Teflon bottles connected at right angles with one acting as the feed bottle and heated on its upper surface by infrared radiation and the other kept in a cold water bath serving both as the condenser and receiver. Connection of the two bottles in a vertical configuration and replacement of radiative surface heating with conductive bulk heating result in an equally simple and inexpensive still but with a smaller footprint, much larger yield and higher energy efficiency using only ambient air cooling. It can be easily configured for tandem distillation, supply of continuously purified reagent and fractional distillation. Ease and very low cost of fabrication of this still may be of particular interest to many geochemical laboratories requiring up to 500 ml of mineral acids and other common reagents per day.  相似文献   

东北漠河盆地甲烷碳氢稳定同位素异常及形成机制     

赵省民  邓坚  饶竹  易立  陆程  李松 《地学前缘》2019,26(4):231-237

东北漠河盆地是我国陆域多年冻土区天然气水合物聚集成藏及勘探的潜在区域。近几年,在漠河盆地实施天然气水合物钻探实验井和气源探井的过程中发现,该区甲烷碳、氢同位素δ^13 CCH4、δDCH4值明显偏低,负向偏移特征明显:碳同位素δ^13 CCH4 值多数小于-60‰,最低达-82.9‰;氢同位素δDCH4 值绝大多数低于-350‰,最低达-450‰。通常,埋深小于1 500m的范围,甲烷碳同位素δ^13 CCH4 值随深度增大,氢同位素δDCH4 值随深度减小;深度大于1 500m,甲烷碳、氢同位素δ^13CCH4 、δDCH4 值随深度同步增大。研究表明:漠河盆地的甲烷碳稳定同位素负向偏移,主要与甲烷的微生物成因有关;甲烷氢稳定同位素负向偏移,则是盆地所处较高纬度独特气候引起的地表水蒸发或大气冷凝降水过程的瑞利蒸馏和乙酸发酵的甲烷生成方式共同作用的结果。  相似文献   

SAGD平行井套管内磁引导模拟实验          下载免费PDF全文

陈剑垚 《探矿工程》2017,44(9):21-25,31

SAGD平行井是稠油开采的重要方法,它对两井的空间轨迹要求较高。相比较常规随钻仪器,借助于MGT磁定位的磁引导技术有利于进一步提高钻孔轨迹检测精度和检测效率。目前还未见国产同类成熟仪器应用的报道。主要介绍了室外套管地面模拟实验,研究轨迹精度与套管内磁响应之间的关系,为仪器的实际应用提供修正数据和技术支撑。实验以通电螺线管作为磁发射源,并置于φ139.7 mm套管中,以磁传感器为接收源,采集数据,最后由电脑解析数据算出两者的相对位置。实验时不断改变传感器与套管的相对位置,以模拟钻头钻进的真实情况。实验共采集了18种形态,共198点位数据。在修正前,计算的总距离平均误差在7%左右,平面误差为9.4%左右。修正后误差为之前的一半。结果表明,计算点能够真实反映轨迹的实际方向。  相似文献   

馏化法处理垃圾新工艺探讨          下载免费PDF全文

颜俊  卢薇艳 《探矿工程》2017,44(12):83-87,94

为了适应环保部门提出的更高的环保要求,减少因焚烧垃圾产生的CO2含量,从而达到节能减排的目标,在大量实验和计算研究的基础上,提出了采用馏化法处理垃圾的新工艺。馏化法主要是垃圾中的炭质不参加燃烧,不产生CO2和CO,不破坏空气中的主要成分,做到无害生产。馏化法处理垃圾的设备由喷淋系统及滚动筛、不锈钢输送带、隧道式烘干炉及馏化炉、烘干焦化炉、粉碎机、液压成型机等组成。主要的配套工艺有垃圾干馏炭化制砖工艺和垃圾三角条幅填海工程工艺。该馏化法处理垃圾解决了减少CO2排放问题,而炭渣填海方法做到零污染、全利用效果,具有客观的经济效益。  相似文献